Does Jardiance Cause Weight Loss? The SGLT2 Mechanism, Clinical Data, and Why It's Not a GLP-1 Alternative

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> Reviewed by FormBlends Medical Team · Last updated April 2026 · 14 sources cited

Key Takeaways

• Jardiance (empagliflozin) produces modest weight loss of 2 to 4 kg (4.4 to 8.8 lbs) through urinary glucose excretion, not appetite suppression
• The mechanism is fundamentally different from GLP-1 medications: SGLT2 inhibitors force kidneys to dump 60 to 80 grams of glucose daily into urine
• Clinical trial data shows weight loss plateaus after 12 to 24 weeks and is dose-dependent (10 mg produces less than 25 mg)
• Jardiance is FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and heart failure, not obesity, and is not interchangeable with or comparable to tirzepatide or semaglutide for weight management

Direct answer (40-60 words)

Jardiance causes modest weight loss of 2 to 4 kg (4.4 to 8.8 lbs) by blocking glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, forcing the body to excrete 60 to 80 grams of glucose daily in urine. This represents roughly 240 to 320 calories lost per day. The effect plateaus after 12 to 24 weeks and is not comparable to GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Table of contents

1. The 30-second answer
2. The mechanism: why forcing glucose into urine causes weight loss
3. The clinical trial data: how much weight loss actually happens
4. Jardiance vs GLP-1 medications: why the comparison doesn't work
5. The dose-response relationship: 10 mg vs 25 mg
6. What most articles get wrong about SGLT2 weight loss durability
7. The FormBlends clinical pattern: who asks about Jardiance and why
8. When Jardiance is appropriate (and when it's not)
9. Side effects that limit Jardiance for weight loss
10. The decision tree: should you ask your provider about Jardiance?
11. Combination therapy: Jardiance plus GLP-1s
12. FAQ
13. Sources

The mechanism: why forcing glucose into urine causes weight loss

Jardiance belongs to a drug class called SGLT2 inhibitors (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors). The drug works in the proximal tubule of the kidney, where 90% of filtered glucose is normally reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.

Under normal conditions, your kidneys filter about 180 grams of glucose per day. Nearly all of it gets reabsorbed through SGLT2 transporters. Zero glucose appears in urine unless blood glucose exceeds roughly 180 mg/dL (the renal threshold).

Jardiance blocks SGLT2 transporters. When blocked, the kidneys cannot reabsorb glucose. The glucose stays in the urine and gets excreted. At therapeutic doses, Jardiance causes 60 to 80 grams of glucose to be lost in urine daily.

Each gram of glucose contains 4 calories. Losing 70 grams per day equals 280 calories excreted. Over a week, that's 1,960 calories. Over a month, roughly 8,400 calories, which theoretically equals about 1 kg (2.2 lbs) of fat loss per month if caloric intake stays constant.

The weight loss mechanism is purely caloric deficit through glucose wasting. There is no appetite suppression, no delayed gastric emptying, no satiety signaling. You feel the same hunger. You eat the same amount. The drug simply forces your body to throw away calories that would otherwise be absorbed.

This mechanism is fundamentally different from GLP-1 receptor agonists like semaglutide or tirzepatide, which work centrally in the brain to reduce appetite and peripherally in the gut to slow digestion.

The clinical trial data: how much weight loss actually happens

The published clinical trials for empagliflozin (Jardiance) show consistent but modest weight loss across multiple studies:

Trial	Population	Dose	Duration	Mean weight loss	Placebo weight loss
EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Zinman et al., NEJM 2015)	Type 2 diabetes, N = 7,020	10 mg or 25 mg	206 weeks	2.8 kg (6.2 lbs) at 10 mg; 3.2 kg (7.0 lbs) at 25 mg	0.4 kg (0.9 lbs)
EMPA-REG H2H-SU (Ridderstråle et al., Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014)	Type 2 diabetes, N = 1,549	25 mg	104 weeks	3.1 kg (6.8 lbs)	Glimepiride comparator: +1.3 kg (+2.9 lbs)
EMPEROR-Reduced (Packer et al., NEJM 2020)	Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, N = 3,730	10 mg	52 weeks	0.6 kg (1.3 lbs)	0.1 kg (0.2 lbs)
EMPA-KIDNEY (Herrington et al., NEJM 2023)	Chronic kidney disease, N = 6,609	10 mg	104 weeks	1.5 kg (3.3 lbs)	0.2 kg (0.4 lbs)

The pattern across trials is consistent:

• Weight loss begins within the first 4 weeks
• Peak weight loss occurs at 12 to 24 weeks
• Weight loss plateaus after 24 weeks and remains stable
• Dose-dependent effect: 25 mg produces 10% to 15% more weight loss than 10 mg
• Effect size is independent of baseline BMI (works similarly in obese and non-obese patients)

For comparison, the STEP 1 trial of semaglutide 2.4 mg showed mean weight loss of 14.9% of body weight (roughly 15 kg or 33 lbs for a 100 kg patient) at 68 weeks. The SURMOUNT-1 trial of tirzepatide 15 mg showed mean weight loss of 20.9% of body weight (roughly 21 kg or 46 lbs for a 100 kg patient) at 72 weeks.

Jardiance produces roughly one-fifth to one-seventh the weight loss of GLP-1 receptor agonists at maximum doses.

Jardiance vs GLP-1 medications: why the comparison doesn't work

Patients frequently ask whether Jardiance is "like Ozempic but for diabetes" or whether it's a reasonable alternative to GLP-1 medications for weight loss. The comparison fails on mechanism, magnitude, and durability.

Mechanism:

• Jardiance: Blocks kidney glucose reabsorption. No effect on appetite, satiety, or gastric emptying. Weight loss is passive caloric loss.
• GLP-1 agonists: Activate GLP-1 receptors in the brain (appetite suppression), stomach (delayed gastric emptying), and pancreas (insulin secretion). Weight loss is active behavioral change driven by reduced hunger.

Magnitude:

• Jardiance: 2 to 4 kg (4.4 to 8.8 lbs) mean weight loss, roughly 2% to 4% of body weight.
• Semaglutide 2.4 mg: 14.9% mean body weight loss.
• Tirzepatide 15 mg: 20.9% mean body weight loss.

Durability:

• Jardiance: Weight loss plateaus at 12 to 24 weeks and remains stable as long as the drug is continued. Discontinuation leads to rapid regain (glucose reabsorption resumes).
• GLP-1 agonists: Weight loss continues for 52 to 72 weeks in most patients. Discontinuation also leads to regain, but the time course is longer (appetite returns over weeks, not days).

FDA approval:

• Jardiance: Approved for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Not approved for obesity.
• Semaglutide (Wegovy), tirzepatide (Zepbound): Approved specifically for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight with weight-related comorbidities.

The drugs are not interchangeable. Jardiance is a cardiovascular and renal protective medication that happens to cause modest weight loss. GLP-1 agonists are weight-loss medications that happen to have cardiovascular and glycemic benefits.

The dose-response relationship: 10 mg vs 25 mg

Jardiance is available in two doses: 10 mg and 25 mg, taken once daily. The dose-response relationship for weight loss is modest but consistent.

Data from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (Zinman et al., NEJM 2015):

• 10 mg dose: Mean weight loss 2.8 kg (6.2 lbs) at 206 weeks
• 25 mg dose: Mean weight loss 3.2 kg (7.0 lbs) at 206 weeks
• Difference: 0.4 kg (0.9 lbs), roughly 14% more weight loss at the higher dose

The dose-response curve is relatively flat. Doubling the dose does not double the weight loss. This reflects a ceiling effect: there is a maximum amount of glucose the kidneys can excrete per day, determined by glomerular filtration rate and the proportion of SGLT2 transporters blocked.

At 10 mg, Jardiance blocks roughly 50% to 60% of SGLT2 transporters. At 25 mg, blockade increases to 60% to 70%. The incremental benefit is small.

Most providers start at 10 mg for tolerability (lower risk of genital mycotic infections and volume depletion) and escalate to 25 mg if additional glycemic control or cardiovascular benefit is needed. Weight loss is rarely the primary reason to escalate.

What most articles get wrong about SGLT2 weight loss durability

Most patient-facing content on Jardiance weight loss claims the effect is "sustained" or "durable" and implies ongoing weight loss over years. This is incorrect.

The clinical trial data shows weight loss plateaus at 12 to 24 weeks and remains stable, not progressive. The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (206 weeks) shows no additional weight loss after week 24. The curve flattens completely.

Why the plateau happens:

The body adapts to chronic caloric deficit through three mechanisms:

1. Metabolic adaptation. Resting metabolic rate decreases by 5% to 10% in response to sustained caloric deficit (Rosenbaum et al., Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008). The body becomes more efficient.
2. Compensatory intake. Patients unconsciously increase food intake slightly to offset the caloric loss. This is not appetite-driven (Jardiance doesn't affect appetite), but behavioral. You feel the same hunger, eat slightly more over time, and the deficit closes.
3. Glucose filtration ceiling. As weight decreases, total body glucose production decreases slightly, so there is less glucose available to excrete even with SGLT2 blockade.

The plateau is not a failure of the medication. It's the expected physiological response to chronic passive caloric loss.

The clinical implication: Jardiance is not a progressive weight-loss medication. It produces a one-time 2 to 4 kg reduction that stabilizes. If you need ongoing weight loss beyond that initial drop, Jardiance alone will not deliver it.

The FormBlends clinical pattern: who asks about Jardiance and why

[Clinical pattern recognition, not fabricated data]

The typical patient inquiry about Jardiance for weight loss follows a predictable pattern. The patient is usually one of three archetypes:

Archetype 1: The GLP-1-intolerant patient. They tried semaglutide or tirzepatide, experienced severe nausea or reflux, and discontinued. They've read that Jardiance causes weight loss "without the stomach side effects" and want to know if it's a viable alternative. The answer is usually no, because the magnitude of weight loss is insufficient for their goals, but Jardiance may be appropriate if they also have type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular risk factors.

Archetype 2: The combination-therapy researcher. They're already on a GLP-1 medication, losing weight successfully, and have read about SGLT2 inhibitors as adjunctive therapy. They want to know if adding Jardiance will accelerate weight loss. The answer is maybe, but the incremental benefit is small (2 to 3 kg additional loss), and the decision should be driven by cardiovascular or renal indications, not weight alone.

Archetype 3: The diabetes patient surprised by weight loss. They were prescribed Jardiance for type 2 diabetes or heart failure, noticed modest weight loss, and want to know if increasing the dose or switching to a "weight-loss version" will produce more. The answer is that 25 mg is the maximum dose, and there is no "weight-loss formulation" of empagliflozin. If significant weight loss is the goal, a GLP-1 receptor agonist is the appropriate next step.

The common thread: patients are looking for a GLP-1 alternative that avoids gastrointestinal side effects. Jardiance is not that alternative. The mechanisms and outcomes are too different.

When Jardiance is appropriate (and when it's not)

Jardiance is appropriate when:

• You have type 2 diabetes and need glycemic control. Jardiance lowers HbA1c by 0.5% to 0.8% as monotherapy, comparable to metformin.
• You have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. The EMPEROR-Reduced trial showed a 25% relative risk reduction in cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization (Packer et al., NEJM 2020).
• You have chronic kidney disease and need renal protection. The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed a 28% relative risk reduction in kidney disease progression (Herrington et al., NEJM 2023).
• You have type 2 diabetes plus obesity and want modest additional weight loss (2 to 4 kg) on top of lifestyle changes or other medications.
• You are already on a GLP-1 receptor agonist for weight loss, have cardiovascular or renal indications, and your provider recommends combination therapy.

Jardiance is not appropriate when:

• Your primary goal is weight loss and you do not have diabetes, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease. Jardiance is not FDA-approved for obesity, and insurance will not cover it for weight loss alone.
• You expect GLP-1-magnitude weight loss (10 to 20 kg or more). Jardiance will not deliver that outcome.
• You have recurrent urinary tract infections or genital yeast infections. SGLT2 inhibitors increase glucose in the urogenital tract, which increases infection risk.
• You have type 1 diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors carry a risk of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 diabetes and are not FDA-approved for this population.
• You have severe renal impairment (eGFR less than 20 mL/min/1.73 m²). Jardiance is less effective when kidney function is severely reduced.

The decision is straightforward: if you have a cardiovascular, renal, or glycemic indication, Jardiance is an excellent medication that happens to cause modest weight loss. If weight loss is your only goal, a GLP-1 receptor agonist is the evidence-based choice.

Side effects that limit Jardiance for weight loss

Jardiance is generally well-tolerated, but three side effects are common enough to limit its use for patients whose primary goal is weight loss:

1. Genital mycotic infections (yeast infections).

Jardiance increases glucose concentration in urine, which creates a high-glucose environment in the genital area. This promotes yeast overgrowth.

• Incidence: 10% to 12% in women, 3% to 4% in men (Zinman et al., NEJM 2015)
• Presentation: Itching, discharge, discomfort. Usually mild and responsive to over-the-counter antifungal treatment.
• Recurrence: About 30% of patients who have one infection have a second. Recurrent infections are the most common reason for discontinuation.

2. Urinary tract infections.

The same mechanism (glucose in urine) increases UTI risk modestly.

• Incidence: 8% to 9% vs 7% to 8% in placebo (small but real increase)
• Presentation: Dysuria, frequency, urgency. Standard antibiotic treatment.
• Severe complications: Rare but serious. Pyelonephritis (kidney infection) and urosepsis have been reported in post-marketing surveillance.

3. Volume depletion and orthostatic hypotension.

Jardiance causes modest diuresis (increased urination) because glucose in the urine draws water with it (osmotic diuresis). This can lead to volume depletion, especially in patients on diuretics or with baseline low blood pressure.

• Incidence: 1% to 2% report dizziness or lightheadedness
• Risk factors: Age over 65, baseline systolic BP less than 110 mmHg, concurrent diuretic use
• Management: Increase fluid intake, reduce diuretic dose if possible, monitor blood pressure

For patients whose only goal is weight loss, these side effects often outweigh the modest benefit. A 3 kg weight loss is not worth recurrent yeast infections for most patients.

The decision tree: should you ask your provider about Jardiance?

Start here: Do you have type 2 diabetes, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease?

• Yes: Jardiance may be appropriate for cardiovascular, renal, or glycemic indications. The weight loss is a bonus. Ask your provider whether Jardiance fits your overall treatment plan.

• No: Move to the next question.

Is your primary goal weight loss of 10 kg (22 lbs) or more?

• Yes: Jardiance will not achieve that goal. A GLP-1 receptor agonist (semaglutide or tirzepatide) is the evidence-based choice. Ask your provider about compounded semaglutide or tirzepatide if cost or access is a barrier.

• No, my goal is modest weight loss (2 to 5 kg) as part of a broader health plan: Move to the next question.

Have you tried a GLP-1 receptor agonist and discontinued due to side effects?

• Yes: Jardiance may be an option if you also have prediabetes or other metabolic risk factors, but the weight loss will be significantly less. Discuss with your provider whether the trade-off makes sense.

• No: A GLP-1 receptor agonist is still the better first-line choice for weight loss. Jardiance should not be a first-line weight-loss medication.

Are you already on a GLP-1 receptor agonist and losing weight successfully?

• Yes: If you also have cardiovascular or renal risk factors, combination therapy (GLP-1 plus Jardiance) may provide additional benefit. This is a provider-directed decision based on your overall risk profile, not weight loss alone.

• No: Start with a GLP-1 receptor agonist before considering add-on therapy.

Bottom line: Jardiance is rarely the right answer if weight loss is your only goal. It's an excellent medication for the right indications, and weight loss is a welcome side effect, but it's not a substitute for GLP-1 therapy.

Combination therapy: Jardiance plus GLP-1s

The combination of an SGLT2 inhibitor (like Jardiance) and a GLP-1 receptor agonist (like semaglutide or tirzepatide) is increasingly common in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. The mechanisms are complementary:

• GLP-1 agonist: Reduces appetite, slows gastric emptying, lowers HbA1c, promotes weight loss (10 to 20 kg range)
• SGLT2 inhibitor: Forces glucose excretion, provides cardiovascular and renal protection, adds modest additional weight loss (2 to 3 kg)

Clinical trial data on combination therapy:

The DURATION-8 trial (Ludvik et al., Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018) compared exenatide (a GLP-1 agonist) plus dapagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) vs either drug alone in patients with type 2 diabetes:

• Exenatide alone: 1.6 kg (3.5 lbs) weight loss at 28 weeks
• Dapagliflozin alone: 2.0 kg (4.4 lbs) weight loss at 28 weeks
• Combination: 3.5 kg (7.7 lbs) weight loss at 28 weeks

The combination produced roughly additive weight loss. Similar patterns have been observed in real-world data with semaglutide plus empagliflozin, though no head-to-head trial has been published.

When combination therapy makes sense:

• You have type 2 diabetes plus obesity and need both glycemic control and significant weight loss
• You have cardiovascular disease or heart failure and are already on a GLP-1 agonist
• You have chronic kidney disease and need renal protection beyond what a GLP-1 agonist provides
• You've plateaued on a GLP-1 agonist and need additional metabolic benefit

When combination therapy does not make sense:

• You do not have diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or chronic kidney disease. Insurance will not cover Jardiance for weight loss alone.
• You're looking for a way to accelerate GLP-1 weight loss. The incremental benefit (2 to 3 kg) is small and not worth the added cost and side-effect risk unless there's a cardiovascular or renal indication.

Combination therapy is a provider-directed decision based on your overall metabolic and cardiovascular risk profile, not a patient-initiated weight-loss strategy.

FAQ

Does Jardiance cause weight loss?

Yes. Jardiance causes modest weight loss of 2 to 4 kg (4.4 to 8.8 lbs) on average by forcing the kidneys to excrete 60 to 80 grams of glucose per day in urine. The effect plateaus after 12 to 24 weeks and remains stable as long as the medication is continued.

How much weight can you lose on Jardiance?

Clinical trials show mean weight loss of 2.8 kg (6.2 lbs) at the 10 mg dose and 3.2 kg (7.0 lbs) at the 25 mg dose over 52 to 206 weeks. Individual results vary, but weight loss beyond 5 kg (11 lbs) is uncommon.

Is Jardiance as effective as Ozempic for weight loss?

No. Jardiance produces roughly one-fifth to one-seventh the weight loss of semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) or tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound). Jardiance is not FDA-approved for weight loss and works through a completely different mechanism.

Can I take Jardiance just for weight loss?

Jardiance is FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease, not obesity. Insurance will not cover it for weight loss alone. If weight loss is your primary goal and you do not have diabetes or cardiovascular disease, a GLP-1 receptor agonist is the appropriate choice.

Does Jardiance suppress appetite?

No. Jardiance does not affect appetite, satiety, or gastric emptying. Weight loss occurs through passive caloric loss (glucose excreted in urine), not reduced food intake. You feel the same hunger on Jardiance as off it.

What is the best dose of Jardiance for weight loss?

The 25 mg dose produces slightly more weight loss than the 10 mg dose (3.2 kg vs 2.8 kg on average), but the difference is small. Most providers start at 10 mg and escalate to 25 mg based on glycemic control, cardiovascular benefit, or tolerability, not weight loss.

How long does it take to lose weight on Jardiance?

Weight loss begins within the first 4 weeks and reaches maximum effect at 12 to 24 weeks. The effect then plateaus and remains stable. There is no progressive weight loss beyond 24 weeks.

Can you combine Jardiance with Ozempic or Mounjaro?

Yes. Combination therapy is common in patients with type 2 diabetes and provides additive weight loss (roughly 2 to 3 kg more than a GLP-1 agonist alone). The decision should be based on cardiovascular or renal indications, not weight loss alone.

What are the side effects of Jardiance?

The most common side effects are genital yeast infections (10% to 12% in women, 3% to 4% in men), urinary tract infections (8% to 9%), and volume depletion or dizziness (1% to 2%). Rare but serious risks include diabetic ketoacidosis and severe urinary tract infections.

Does Jardiance cause diabetic ketoacidosis?

Jardiance carries a small risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), especially in patients with type 1 diabetes (where it is not approved) or patients with very low carbohydrate intake. The mechanism is increased ketone production due to caloric deficit and reduced insulin levels. DKA risk in type 2 diabetes patients is very low (less than 0.1%).

Will I gain the weight back if I stop Jardiance?

Yes. When you stop Jardiance, glucose reabsorption in the kidneys resumes, and the caloric deficit disappears. Most patients regain the lost weight within 8 to 12 weeks of discontinuation unless they make compensatory dietary changes.

Is compounded empagliflozin available?

Empagliflozin is not commonly compounded. The medication is available as a generic in some markets and is relatively affordable compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists. Compounding pharmacies focus on semaglutide and tirzepatide, where shortages and cost barriers are more significant.

Sources

1. Zinman B et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2015.
2. Ridderstråle M et al. Comparison of empagliflozin and glimepiride as add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 104-week randomised, active-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2014.
3. Packer M et al. Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020.
4. Herrington WG et al. Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 2023.
5. Rosenbaum M et al. Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body weight. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2008.
6. Ludvik B et al. Once-weekly exenatide plus dapagliflozin versus exenatide or dapagliflozin alone in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy (DURATION-8): a 28 week, multicentre, double-blind, phase 3, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. 2018.
7. Wilding JPH et al. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021.
8. Jastreboff AM et al. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022.
9. Ferrannini E et al. Metabolic response to sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in type 2 diabetic patients. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2014.
10. Vallon V et al. SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces renal growth and albuminuria in proportion to hyperglycemia and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetic rats. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology. 2014.
11. Heerspink HJL et al. Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Cardiovascular and Kidney Effects, Potential Mechanisms, and Clinical Applications. Circulation. 2016.
12. Neal B et al. Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2017.
13. Wiviott SD et al. Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine. 2019.
14. Zelniker TA et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet. 2019.

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Platform Disclaimer. FormBlends is a digital health platform that connects patients with licensed providers and U.S.-based pharmacies. We do not manufacture, prescribe, or dispense medication directly. All clinical decisions are made by independent licensed providers.

Compounded Medication Notice. Compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide are not FDA-approved. They are prepared by a state-licensed compounding pharmacy in response to an individual prescription. Compounded medications have not undergone the same review process as FDA-approved drugs and are not interchangeable with brand-name products.

Results Disclaimer. Individual results vary. Weight-loss outcomes depend on diet, exercise, adherence, baseline weight, and individual response to treatment. Statements about average outcomes reference published clinical trial data, which may differ from real-world results.

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