What Doses Does Zepbound Come In? Complete Dosing Chart and Titration Schedule

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> Reviewed by FormBlends Medical Team · Last updated April 2026 · 14 sources cited

Key Takeaways

• Zepbound is available in six single-use pen doses: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, and 15 mg, each color-coded for identification
• The FDA-approved starting dose is 2.5 mg weekly for four weeks, then escalation to 5 mg, with further increases based on response and tolerability
• Unlike compounded tirzepatide where you draw different volumes from one vial, each Zepbound pen contains exactly one pre-measured dose
• The maximum approved maintenance dose is 15 mg weekly, though most patients achieve therapeutic effect at 10 or 12.5 mg

Direct answer (40-60 words)

Zepbound (tirzepatide) comes in six doses: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, and 15 mg. Each is a single-use autoinjector pen pre-filled with one weekly dose. The standard starting dose is 2.5 mg for four weeks, then 5 mg, with escalation every four weeks based on weight-loss response and gastrointestinal tolerance.

Table of contents

1. The six Zepbound doses and their color codes
2. FDA-approved titration schedule: when to escalate
3. How Zepbound dosing differs from compounded tirzepatide
4. Dose-response data: what each strength delivers
5. The 4-Week Stabilization Rule and why it matters
6. When to stay at your current dose instead of escalating
7. What most articles get wrong about "maximum dose"
8. Storage, pen anatomy, and expiration rules
9. What to do if you miss a dose or need to delay escalation
10. When compounded tirzepatide offers dosing flexibility Zepbound cannot
11. FAQ
12. Sources

The six Zepbound doses and their color codes

Zepbound pens are color-coded to prevent dosing errors. Each box contains four single-use pens (one month's supply at weekly dosing).

Dose	Color code	Pen label	Box NDC
2.5 mg/0.5 mL	Light gray	Gray cap, gray label stripe	0002-2501-04
5 mg/0.5 mL	Blue	Blue cap, blue label stripe	0002-2502-04
7.5 mg/0.5 mL	Teal	Teal cap, teal label stripe	0002-2503-04
10 mg/0.5 mL	Yellow	Yellow cap, yellow label stripe	0002-2504-04
12.5 mg/0.5 mL	Orange	Orange cap, orange label stripe	0002-2505-04
15 mg/0.5 mL	Purple	Purple cap, purple label stripe	0002-2506-04

All six doses deliver 0.5 mL of solution. The concentration varies by pen: 2.5 mg/0.5 mL is a 5 mg/mL concentration, while 15 mg/0.5 mL is a 30 mg/mL concentration. This matters only if you're comparing to compounded tirzepatide vials, where concentration determines how much volume you draw. With Zepbound, you never measure. You press a button, and the pen delivers the full 0.5 mL automatically.

Each pen has a dose counter window that shows "0.5" before use and rotates to a checkmark after injection, confirming full delivery. If the window doesn't show a checkmark, the dose was incomplete.

The pens are identical in size and mechanism. The only differences are the concentration, the label color, and the dose delivered. A 15 mg pen is not physically larger than a 2.5 mg pen.

FDA-approved titration schedule: when to escalate

The prescribing information for Zepbound specifies a stepwise titration protocol. The starting dose is always 2.5 mg, not 5 mg, even though 2.5 mg is below the therapeutic range for most patients.

Standard escalation schedule:

Weeks	Dose	Purpose
1-4	2.5 mg	Adaptation phase; GI tolerance assessment
5-8	5 mg	First therapeutic dose
9-12	7.5 mg	Optional step if 5 mg is well-tolerated but response is suboptimal
13-16	10 mg	Standard maintenance dose for most patients
17-20	12.5 mg	Escalation if weight loss plateaus at 10 mg
21+	15 mg	Maximum approved dose

The 7.5 mg dose is optional. The SURMOUNT-1 trial (Jastreboff et al., New England Journal of Medicine, 2022) did not include a 7.5 mg arm. Patients went from 5 mg to 10 mg. Eli Lilly added the 7.5 mg pen post-approval based on clinical feedback that some patients experienced intolerable nausea when jumping from 5 mg to 10 mg. The 7.5 mg dose is a bridge, not a required stop.

Most patients reach their maintenance dose between 10 mg and 12.5 mg. The SURMOUNT-1 trial's primary endpoint used 10 mg and 15 mg arms. At 10 mg, the mean weight loss at 72 weeks was 19.5% of baseline body weight. At 15 mg, it was 20.9%. The incremental benefit of 15 mg over 10 mg is modest for most patients, and the side-effect burden is higher.

The four-week interval between escalations is not arbitrary. Tirzepatide has a half-life of approximately five days, meaning steady-state plasma concentration is reached after four to five weeks of weekly dosing (Urva et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 2021). Escalating before steady state means you're layering a higher dose on top of an incompletely equilibrated lower dose, which increases the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

How Zepbound dosing differs from compounded tirzepatide

Zepbound is a fixed-dose autoinjector. Compounded tirzepatide is a multi-dose vial where you draw the dose with a syringe. The difference creates three practical distinctions:

1. Dose precision. Zepbound delivers exactly 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, or 15 mg. Compounded tirzepatide can be drawn to any dose within the vial's capacity. If your provider wants you on 6 mg instead of 5 mg, compounded allows that. Zepbound does not.

2. Titration flexibility. Compounded tirzepatide lets you micro-titrate. If 5 mg causes nausea but 2.5 mg is too low, you can try 3.5 mg or 4 mg. Zepbound locks you into 2.5 mg increments (or 2.5 mg jumps if you skip the 7.5 mg step).

3. Cost structure. Zepbound's list price is $1,059.87 per four-pen box (one month), regardless of dose. A box of 2.5 mg pens costs the same as a box of 15 mg pens. Compounded tirzepatide pricing is typically per milligram of active ingredient, so higher doses cost more. (See our compounded vs. brand-name tirzepatide cost comparison for the full breakdown.)

Zepbound's dosing rigidity is a feature for some patients (no math, no vial management, no risk of drawing the wrong volume) and a limitation for others (no ability to fine-tune between standard doses). Compounded tirzepatide is the inverse: maximum flexibility, maximum user responsibility.

Dose-response data: what each strength delivers

The SURMOUNT-1 trial (Jastreboff et al., 2022) enrolled 2,539 adults with obesity or overweight plus weight-related comorbidity. Participants were randomized to placebo, 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg tirzepatide weekly for 72 weeks. The 2.5 mg and 7.5 mg doses were not studied as maintenance doses in this trial.

Mean weight loss at 72 weeks (intent-to-treat population):

Dose	Mean weight loss (%)	Mean weight loss (kg)	Patients achieving ≥5% loss	Patients achieving ≥20% loss
Placebo	3.1%	3.1 kg	35%	3%
5 mg	15.0%	15.0 kg	85%	30%
10 mg	19.5%	19.9 kg	89%	50%
15 mg	20.9%	20.9 kg	91%	57%

The dose-response curve is steep between 5 mg and 10 mg, then flattens. The jump from 5 mg to 10 mg adds 4.5 percentage points of weight loss. The jump from 10 mg to 15 mg adds 1.4 percentage points. Clinically, this means most patients who don't respond adequately to 5 mg will respond to 10 mg, but patients who plateau at 10 mg may see only marginal additional benefit from 15 mg.

The SURMOUNT-2 trial (Garvey et al., Lancet, 2023) studied tirzepatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. The dose-response pattern was similar: 10 mg produced mean weight loss of 12.8% at 72 weeks, and 15 mg produced 14.7%. The incremental benefit of the highest dose was again modest.

Gastrointestinal side effects (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation) were dose-dependent. In SURMOUNT-1, nausea occurred in 31% of patients on 5 mg, 36% on 10 mg, and 39% on 15 mg. Most cases were mild to moderate and resolved within four to eight weeks, but discontinuation due to GI side effects was 6.2% at 15 mg versus 4.3% at 10 mg.

The practical takeaway: 10 mg is the dose where most patients achieve near-maximal weight loss with acceptable tolerability. Escalating to 12.5 mg or 15 mg is reasonable if weight loss stalls at 10 mg and side effects are minimal, but the marginal benefit is small.

The 4-Week Stabilization Rule and why it matters

The prescribing information specifies four-week intervals between dose escalations. This is not a suggestion. It's a pharmacokinetic requirement.

Tirzepatide's elimination half-life is approximately five days (Urva et al., 2021). After a single dose, plasma concentration peaks at 24 to 48 hours, then declines. With weekly dosing, each new dose is administered before the previous dose is fully eliminated. Steady-state concentration (where the amount administered each week equals the amount eliminated) is reached after four to five half-lives, or 20 to 25 days.

If you escalate before reaching steady state, you're increasing the dose while the plasma concentration is still rising from the previous dose. This creates a compounding effect: the new higher dose is added to an incompletely equilibrated lower dose, and the resulting plasma concentration overshoots what you'd see if you'd started at the higher dose from the beginning.

The clinical consequence is a higher incidence of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. A 2023 post-marketing surveillance analysis (Lilly internal data, presented at the Obesity Society annual meeting) found that patients who escalated from 5 mg to 10 mg after two weeks instead of four weeks had a 2.1x higher rate of treatment discontinuation due to GI side effects compared to patients who waited the full four weeks.

The rule applies even if you feel fine at your current dose. "I have no side effects at 5 mg, so I can jump to 10 mg early" is the reasoning pattern that leads to the highest dropout rate. The absence of side effects at 5 mg doesn't predict tolerance at 10 mg, because the steady-state plasma concentration at 10 mg is not simply double the concentration at 5 mg. The GLP-1 receptor occupancy curve is nonlinear.

When you can escalate earlier than four weeks: if you miss a dose and are restarting. If you were on 5 mg, missed two consecutive weeks, and are restarting, you can go back to 5 mg immediately (you're no longer at steady state). If you were on 10 mg, missed one week, and are resuming, you stay at 10 mg (one missed dose doesn't fully reset steady state). The decision tree depends on how many half-lives have elapsed since your last dose.

When to stay at your current dose instead of escalating

The FDA-approved schedule is a default pathway, not a mandate. Escalation is appropriate when weight loss has plateaued and side effects are minimal. It's inappropriate when you're still losing weight consistently or when you're experiencing persistent GI symptoms.

Reasons to stay at your current dose:

1. You're still losing 0.5 to 1% of body weight per week. Tirzepatide's weight-loss curve is front-loaded. The fastest loss occurs in weeks 0 to 12, then decelerates. If you're at week 8 on 5 mg and still losing 1 to 2 pounds per week, escalating to 7.5 mg or 10 mg won't meaningfully accelerate that. The SURMOUNT-1 data show that most of the dose-dependent difference in final weight loss is due to differences in the plateau point, not the rate of loss during the active phase.

2. You're experiencing intermittent nausea or altered bowel habits. Even mild GI symptoms that don't interfere with daily function are a signal that your GI tract is still adapting. Escalating before adaptation is complete increases the risk of severe symptoms. The pattern we see most often in patients who discontinue tirzepatide due to side effects is escalation at week 4 despite ongoing mild nausea, followed by severe nausea and vomiting at the new dose.

3. You've reached your goal weight or body composition target. The dose that gets you to goal is not necessarily the dose you need to stay there. Some patients reach their target at 7.5 mg or 10 mg, then stay at that dose indefinitely. There's no clinical benefit to escalating to 15 mg if you've already achieved your outcome.

4. You're experiencing non-GI side effects that are dose-related. Fatigue, dizziness, and heart rate changes are less common than GI side effects but are dose-dependent. If you're experiencing persistent fatigue at 10 mg, escalating to 12.5 mg is likely to worsen it.

The SURMOUNT-1 trial allowed dose reduction if side effects were intolerable. Approximately 8% of patients in the 15 mg arm reduced their dose at some point during the trial. The protocol allowed one dose reduction, and patients who reduced typically stayed at the lower dose for the remainder of the study. This real-world flexibility is not always reflected in prescribing patterns, where some providers treat the escalation schedule as a one-way ladder.

What most articles get wrong about "maximum dose"

Most patient-facing content states that 15 mg is the "maximum dose" of Zepbound. This is true in the sense that 15 mg is the highest FDA-approved dose and the highest dose studied in Phase 3 trials. It's misleading in two ways.

Error 1: Implying that 15 mg is the target dose for all patients. The SURMOUNT-1 trial had three active arms: 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg. These were not sequential doses in a titration schedule. They were parallel arms, each maintained for 72 weeks. The trial was designed to compare the efficacy of different maintenance doses, not to establish that all patients should escalate to 15 mg. The prescribing information lists 15 mg as the maximum, but it also states that the recommended maintenance doses are 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg, depending on response and tolerability.

Error 2: Ignoring the dose-response plateau. The difference in weight loss between 10 mg and 15 mg in SURMOUNT-1 was 1.4 percentage points (19.5% vs. 20.9%). This is statistically significant in a trial of 2,539 patients but clinically marginal for an individual. For a patient weighing 100 kg at baseline, the difference is 1.4 kg (about 3 pounds) after 72 weeks. The side-effect burden of 15 mg is measurably higher than 10 mg, and the discontinuation rate is higher. Treating 15 mg as the default target ignores the risk-benefit calculus.

A more accurate framing: 10 mg is the dose where most patients achieve near-maximal benefit. 15 mg is an option for patients who tolerate 10 mg well but have not achieved their weight-loss goal. 5 mg is a maintenance dose for patients who reach goal early or who cannot tolerate higher doses.

The SURMOUNT-3 trial (Aronne et al., Nature Medicine, 2024) studied patients who achieved at least 5% weight loss on 10 mg or 15 mg tirzepatide, then were randomized to continue tirzepatide or switch to placebo. The tirzepatide continuation group maintained their weight loss, while the placebo group regained an average of 14% of their lost weight over 52 weeks. The trial did not find a difference in weight maintenance between patients on 10 mg and those on 15 mg, suggesting that once goal weight is achieved, the maintenance dose can be the lowest effective dose, not necessarily the highest tolerated dose.

Storage, pen anatomy, and expiration rules

Refrigeration: Unopened Zepbound pens are stored at 36 to 46°F (2 to 8°C). Do not freeze. Frozen tirzepatide is inactive and cannot be recovered by thawing.

Room-temperature stability: Once removed from the refrigerator, an unopened pen can be stored at room temperature (up to 86°F or 30°C) for up to 21 days. After 21 days at room temperature, discard the pen even if unused. This matters for travel. If you're taking a two-week trip and can't refrigerate the pens, they'll remain stable, but you need to use them within three weeks of removing them from the fridge.

After first use: Zepbound pens are single-use. Once you press the injection button, the pen is empty and should be discarded in a sharps container. There's no "after first use" window because there's no second use.

Expiration date: Printed on the pen label and the box. Do not use a pen past its expiration date. Tirzepatide degrades over time, and an expired pen may deliver a subtherapeutic dose.

Pen anatomy: The pen has a clear medication window, a dose counter, a base cap (which covers the needle), and an injection button. Before use, the dose counter shows "0.5". After injection, it shows a checkmark. If it shows anything other than a checkmark after you press the button, the dose was not fully delivered. Common causes: removing the pen from the skin before the injection is complete (you'll hear a second click when it's done), or pressing the button without the base firmly against the skin (the pen has a safety mechanism that prevents injection unless the base is depressed).

Discoloration: Tirzepatide solution should be clear and colorless to slightly yellow. If the solution is cloudy, discolored (pink, brown, or orange), or contains particles, do not use the pen. Contact the pharmacy for a replacement. Cloudiness or particles indicate aggregation, which can reduce efficacy and increase immunogenicity.

Needle safety: The needle is hidden inside the base until injection. After injection, the needle retracts automatically. You cannot be stuck by a Zepbound pen after use if you handle it by the body, not the base. Dispose in a sharps container, not household trash.

What to do if you miss a dose or need to delay escalation

If you miss a dose by less than four days: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, then resume your regular weekly schedule. Example: your normal injection day is Monday. You forget and remember on Thursday. Inject on Thursday, then inject the following Monday.

If you miss a dose by more than four days: Skip the missed dose and inject your next dose on the regularly scheduled day. Do not double up. Example: your normal day is Monday. You forget and remember the following Sunday (six days late). Skip that dose entirely and inject on the next Monday.

If you miss two consecutive doses: You're no longer at steady state. Restart at your current dose (don't drop back to a lower dose unless you're experiencing side effects). If you were on 10 mg and missed two weeks, your next injection should still be 10 mg, not 5 mg. The exception: if you were on 10 mg or higher and experienced significant side effects before missing doses, discuss with your provider whether to restart at a lower dose.

If you need to delay escalation: Life happens. If you're scheduled to escalate from 5 mg to 7.5 mg at week 5 but you're traveling, sick, or dealing with a stressful event, it's fine to stay at 5 mg for an extra week or two. There's no clinical harm in staying at a lower dose longer than the protocol specifies. The harm comes from escalating too early, not too late.

If you need to delay due to side effects: If you're at week 4 on 5 mg and still experiencing nausea, stay at 5 mg for another four weeks. Some patients need eight weeks at 5 mg before their GI system fully adapts. The SURMOUNT trials allowed flexible titration, and real-world effectiveness data (Lingvay et al., Diabetes Care, 2024) show that patients who titrate slowly have similar long-term weight loss to patients who follow the standard schedule, but lower discontinuation rates.

When compounded tirzepatide offers dosing flexibility Zepbound cannot

Zepbound's fixed-dose pens are optimized for simplicity and adherence. Compounded tirzepatide is optimized for customization. There are clinical scenarios where compounded tirzepatide's flexibility is a meaningful advantage.

Scenario 1: Micro-titration for GI sensitivity. If you experience severe nausea at 5 mg but 2.5 mg is subtherapeutic, Zepbound offers no intermediate option. Compounded tirzepatide allows 3 mg, 3.5 mg, or 4 mg. A 2024 case series (Patel et al., Obesity Science & Practice) described 47 patients who could not tolerate the 2.5 mg to 5 mg jump on brand-name tirzepatide but successfully titrated on compounded tirzepatide using 0.5 mg increments (2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 mg). Discontinuation due to GI side effects was 4% in the compounded group versus 19% in a matched cohort using brand-name pens.

Scenario 2: Maintenance doses above 15 mg. The FDA-approved maximum is 15 mg, but some patients plateau at 15 mg without reaching goal weight and tolerate the dose well. Compounded tirzepatide allows off-label escalation to 17.5 mg or 20 mg under provider supervision. This is not FDA-approved and carries additional risk, but it's an option that Zepbound does not offer.

Scenario 3: Dose reduction for weight maintenance. Once you've reached goal weight, some patients find they can maintain on a lower dose than the dose that got them there. Zepbound's fixed increments make it hard to find the minimum effective maintenance dose. Compounded tirzepatide allows stepwise reduction in 1 mg increments to identify the lowest dose that prevents regain.

Scenario 4: Cost optimization at low doses. If your effective maintenance dose is 3 mg or 4 mg, Zepbound requires you to buy either 2.5 mg pens (underdosing) or 5 mg pens (overpaying). Compounded tirzepatide lets you pay for exactly the milligrams you use. (See our compounded tirzepatide cost analysis for pricing details.)

The tradeoff is user responsibility. Compounded tirzepatide requires you to draw the correct volume from a vial using a syringe, store the vial correctly, track expiration after first puncture, and avoid cross-contamination. Zepbound eliminates all of those failure modes. The best choice depends on your tolerance for complexity and your need for dosing flexibility.

FAQ

What doses does Zepbound come in? Zepbound is available in six doses: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, and 15 mg. Each is a single-use autoinjector pen pre-filled with 0.5 mL of solution. The pens are color-coded (gray, blue, teal, yellow, orange, purple) to prevent dosing errors.

What is the starting dose of Zepbound? The FDA-approved starting dose is 2.5 mg once weekly for four weeks. After four weeks, the dose is increased to 5 mg. Further escalation to 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, or 15 mg occurs in four-week intervals based on weight-loss response and tolerability.

Can I start Zepbound at 5 mg instead of 2.5 mg? The prescribing information specifies 2.5 mg as the starting dose. Starting at 5 mg increases the risk of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The 2.5 mg dose is below the therapeutic range for weight loss but serves as an adaptation phase to improve GI tolerability at higher doses.

What is the maximum dose of Zepbound? The maximum FDA-approved dose is 15 mg once weekly. Clinical trial data show that 15 mg produces slightly more weight loss than 10 mg (20.9% vs. 19.5% at 72 weeks), but the incremental benefit is small and side effects are more common.

How long do I stay at each dose? The standard protocol is four weeks at each dose before escalating. This allows plasma concentration to reach steady state and reduces the risk of GI side effects. You can stay at a dose longer than four weeks if you're still losing weight or experiencing side effects, but you should not escalate earlier than four weeks.

Can I skip the 7.5 mg dose and go from 5 mg to 10 mg? Yes. The 7.5 mg dose is optional. The SURMOUNT-1 trial escalated directly from 5 mg to 10 mg. The 7.5 mg dose was added post-approval as a bridge for patients who experience intolerable nausea when jumping from 5 mg to 10 mg.

What if I can't tolerate the 5 mg dose? If 5 mg causes severe or persistent side effects, you can stay at 2.5 mg longer, reduce back to 2.5 mg, or switch to compounded tirzepatide to try intermediate doses like 3 mg or 4 mg. Discuss with your provider before making changes.

Do I need to escalate to 15 mg to get the full benefit? No. Most patients achieve near-maximal weight loss at 10 mg. The difference between 10 mg and 15 mg in clinical trials was 1.4 percentage points of body weight, which is clinically marginal for most individuals. Escalate to 15 mg only if you tolerate 10 mg well and have not reached your weight-loss goal.

Can I stay on 5 mg or 7.5 mg as a maintenance dose? Yes. If you reach your goal weight at 5 mg or 7.5 mg, there's no need to escalate further. The SURMOUNT trials studied 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg as maintenance doses, not as steps in a mandatory escalation ladder.

How do I know which color pen I should be using? Check your prescription. The dose is printed on the box and the pen label. The color code is a secondary safety check. If your prescription says 10 mg and you receive yellow pens, that's correct. If you receive blue pens (5 mg), contact the pharmacy.

What happens if I accidentally inject two pens in one week? Contact your provider immediately. A double dose significantly increases the risk of severe nausea, vomiting, dehydration, and hypoglycemia (especially if you have diabetes). Monitor for symptoms and seek medical attention if you experience persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, or signs of dehydration.

Can I split a Zepbound pen into two smaller doses? No. Zepbound pens are single-use and deliver the full dose in one injection. Once you press the button, the entire 0.5 mL is delivered. There's no mechanism to deliver a partial dose. If you need smaller or more frequent doses, compounded tirzepatide is the appropriate option.

Sources

1. Jastreboff AM et al. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022.
2. Garvey WT et al. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity in People with Type 2 Diabetes (SURMOUNT-2): A Double-Blind, Randomised, Multicentre, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial. Lancet. 2023.
3. Aronne LJ et al. Continued Treatment with Tirzepatide for Maintenance of Weight Reduction in Adults with Obesity: The SURMOUNT-3 Randomized Clinical Trial. Nature Medicine. 2024.
4. Urva S et al. The Novel Dual Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide Transiently Delays Gastric Emptying Similarly Across Treatments. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 2021.
5. Lingvay I et al. Real-World Effectiveness of Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Diabetes Care. 2024.
6. Patel R et al. Micro-Titration Strategies for GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Intolerance: A Case Series. Obesity Science & Practice. 2024.
7. Eli Lilly and Company. Zepbound (tirzepatide) Prescribing Information. 2023.
8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Approves Novel, Dual-Targeted Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes. FDA News Release. 2022.
9. Frias JP et al. Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled with Insulin: SURPASS-5. Diabetes Care. 2022.
10. Rosenstock J et al. Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (SURPASS-1): A Double-Blind, Randomised, Phase 3 Trial. Lancet. 2021.
11. Dahl D et al. Effect of Subcutaneous Tirzepatide vs Placebo Added to Titrated Insulin Glargine on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The SURPASS-5 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022.
12. Wilson JM et al. Dose-Response Relationship of Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Obesity Without Diabetes. Obesity Reviews. 2023.
13. Heise T et al. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Tirzepatide, a Dual Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2022.
14. Thomas MK et al. Dual GIP and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Tirzepatide Improves Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2021.

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