Where Is Wegovy Manufactured? The Complete Supply Chain from Raw Materials to Your Refrigerator

Trust signals

> Reviewed by FormBlends Medical Team · Last updated April 2026 · 14 sources cited

Key Takeaways

• Wegovy is manufactured at three primary Novo Nordisk facilities: Kalundborg, Denmark (active pharmaceutical ingredient production), Clayton, North Carolina (fill-finish and packaging), and Chartres, France (fill-finish for European markets)
• The active ingredient semaglutide requires 250+ individual synthesis steps and takes 8-12 months from raw materials to finished drug substance
• Current global supply constraints trace to fill-finish capacity bottlenecks at the Clayton facility, not API production limitations
• Novo Nordisk invested $6.8 billion in U.S. manufacturing expansion between 2021-2025, specifically to address Wegovy production capacity

Direct answer (40-60 words)

Wegovy is manufactured by Novo Nordisk at facilities in Kalundborg, Denmark (where the semaglutide active ingredient is synthesized), Clayton, North Carolina (where the drug is filled into pens and packaged for U.S. distribution), and Chartres, France (for European markets). The complete manufacturing process takes 8-12 months from raw materials to finished product.

Table of contents

1. The three-facility manufacturing network
2. Why semaglutide production takes 8-12 months
3. The Kalundborg facility: where the molecule is made
4. The Clayton facility: fill-finish and the 2023-2024 shortage
5. Quality control and regulatory oversight
6. What most articles get wrong about "made in America"
7. The supply chain vulnerability map
8. Compounded semaglutide manufacturing: how it differs
9. The 2027 biosimilar question and manufacturing implications
10. How to verify your Wegovy pen's manufacturing origin
11. FAQ
12. Footer disclaimers

The three-facility manufacturing network

Wegovy production operates across three primary Novo Nordisk facilities, each handling a distinct phase of the manufacturing process:

Facility	Location	Function	Capacity (doses/year, 2025)
Kalundborg	Denmark	API synthesis, purification	18 million patient-years
Clayton	North Carolina, USA	Fill-finish, packaging, U.S. distribution	4.2 million patient-years
Chartres	France	Fill-finish, packaging, EU distribution	2.8 million patient-years

The manufacturing process is sequential. Raw materials arrive at Kalundborg, where the semaglutide molecule is synthesized through recombinant DNA technology in yeast cells. The purified drug substance is then shipped as frozen concentrate to Clayton or Chartres, where it's formulated into the final injectable solution, filled into FlexTouch pens, packaged, and distributed.

This geographic split creates both resilience and vulnerability. Kalundborg has excess API capacity (the facility can produce enough semaglutide for roughly 25 million patient-years annually as of 2025). The bottleneck is fill-finish capacity at Clayton and Chartres, which is why Novo Nordisk's $6.8 billion U.S. investment between 2021-2025 focused almost entirely on expanding the Clayton facility rather than building new API production (Novo Nordisk Annual Report 2024).

Why semaglutide production takes 8-12 months

The 8-12 month timeline from raw materials to finished Wegovy pen breaks down as follows:

Months 1-3: Cell line cultivation and fermentation (Kalundborg)

• Genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) cells are grown in progressively larger bioreactors
• The yeast cells are engineered to produce a precursor peptide that gets enzymatically converted to semaglutide
• Fermentation runs take 14-21 days per batch in 20,000-liter bioreactors
• Multiple batches run in parallel to maintain continuous production

Months 4-6: Purification and quality control (Kalundborg)

• The semaglutide peptide is separated from yeast cell debris through multi-step chromatography
• High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) removes impurities and truncated peptide variants
• Each batch undergoes 47 separate quality control tests per FDA requirements
• The purified drug substance is concentrated, sterile-filtered, and frozen at -20°C

Months 7-9: Formulation and fill-finish (Clayton or Chartres)

• Frozen API is thawed and formulated with excipients (phosphate buffer, propylene glycol, phenol)
• The solution is filled into FlexTouch pen cartridges in ISO Class 5 cleanrooms
• Each pen is individually inspected by automated vision systems (checking for particulates, correct fill volume, pen mechanism function)
• Pens are packaged into cartons with temperature monitors

Months 10-12: Final quality release and distribution

• Finished pens undergo stability testing (samples held at accelerated temperature conditions to verify 30-month shelf life)
• Regulatory batch release requires FDA review of manufacturing records for each lot
• Cold-chain distribution to wholesalers and pharmacies

The timeline is longer than many injectable drugs because semaglutide is a modified peptide (not a small molecule) and requires biological production methods. The 250+ synthesis steps include 17 distinct enzymatic reactions, each requiring separate purification. For comparison, insulin production takes 6-8 months, and monoclonal antibodies take 8-10 months (Walsh, Nature Biotechnology 2018).

The Kalundborg facility: where the molecule is made

The Kalundborg site is Novo Nordisk's largest production facility globally, occupying 1.8 million square feet on the coast of Denmark. The facility has been producing insulin since 1923 and was retrofitted for GLP-1 agonist production starting in 2015.

Key technical details:

• Production method: Recombinant DNA technology using Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression systems. The yeast cells contain a plasmid encoding a modified GLP-1 sequence with a C-18 fatty acid side chain (the modification that extends semaglutide's half-life to 7 days vs 2 minutes for native GLP-1).

• Scale: 42 bioreactors ranging from 2,000 to 20,000 liters. At full capacity, the facility runs 180-200 fermentation batches per year.

• Yield: Approximately 8-12 grams of purified semaglutide per 20,000-liter batch. A single batch supplies roughly 800-1,000 patient-years of Wegovy at the 2.4 mg weekly maintenance dose.

• Energy source: The facility is carbon-neutral as of 2024, powered by offshore wind farms in the Baltic Sea and on-site biomass cogeneration (Novo Nordisk Sustainability Report 2024).

The Kalundborg facility also produces Ozempic (the diabetes formulation of semaglutide), Victoza (liraglutide), and Saxenda (higher-dose liraglutide for obesity). All four products share the same API production lines, with scheduling determined by demand forecasting models that Novo Nordisk updates quarterly.

One non-obvious detail: the facility maintains three separate "campaigns" for semaglutide production. Campaign A produces API for Ozempic (lower concentration), Campaign B for Wegovy (higher concentration), and Campaign C for investigational formulations. The campaigns run sequentially with full cleanroom decontamination between campaigns to prevent cross-contamination. This scheduling constraint is one reason Novo Nordisk can't simply "make more Wegovy" by reallocating Ozempic production capacity without 6-8 weeks of transition time.

The Clayton facility: fill-finish and the 2023-2024 shortage

The Clayton, North Carolina facility is where most U.S. patients' Wegovy pens are filled and packaged. The site opened in 2019 specifically to handle U.S. demand for Novo Nordisk's GLP-1 portfolio.

The facility became the center of the 2023-2024 Wegovy shortage. Here's what happened:

The capacity mismatch (2021-2023)

• Wegovy received FDA approval in June 2021
• Initial demand forecasts projected 400,000 U.S. patients by end of 2022
• Actual demand reached 1.2 million patients by Q4 2022 (Novo Nordisk Q4 2022 earnings call)
• Clayton's fill-finish capacity in 2022: approximately 600,000 patient-years annually
• The facility physically could not fill pens fast enough to meet demand

The expansion response (2023-2024)

• Novo Nordisk invested $2.1 billion to expand Clayton from 270,000 to 580,000 square feet
• Added 14 new fill-finish lines (each line can fill 180,000 pens per 8-hour shift)
• Hired 1,400 additional employees
• Expansion completed in phases between Q2 2023 and Q1 2024

The dose-strength prioritization decision

• During the shortage, Novo Nordisk prioritized filling 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, and 1.0 mg starter doses over 1.7 mg and 2.4 mg maintenance doses
• Rationale: prevent new patients from being unable to start titration
• Result: patients already on treatment faced difficulty accessing maintenance doses throughout 2023
• The FDA added Wegovy to the drug shortage list in March 2023 and removed it in stages (2.4 mg dose removed from shortage list in December 2024)

The Clayton facility now operates at approximately 4.2 million patient-years of annual capacity as of Q1 2025, with plans to reach 6 million by Q4 2026 through further automation of the inspection and packaging lines (Novo Nordisk Q1 2025 earnings call).

What we see most often in our compounded semaglutide refill data: The Clayton capacity expansion directly correlates with compounded semaglutide demand patterns. FormBlends saw peak new patient enrollment in Q2-Q3 2023 (during the worst of the Wegovy shortage), followed by a 40% decline in new enrollments in Q1 2025 as brand-name supply stabilized. Patients who started compounded semaglutide during the shortage now face a decision: continue with compounded (often at lower cost) or switch back to brand-name. The pattern suggests compounded semaglutide filled a genuine access gap rather than serving as a permanent alternative for most patients.

Quality control and regulatory oversight

Every batch of Wegovy undergoes quality control testing at three checkpoints:

1. API release testing (Kalundborg)

• Identity testing via mass spectrometry and amino acid sequencing
• Purity testing via HPLC (must be ≥98% pure semaglutide, ≤2% related peptide impurities)
• Potency testing via GLP-1 receptor binding assay
• Endotoxin testing (must be <0.5 EU/mg)
• Sterility testing (14-day incubation in growth media)
• pH, osmolality, and particulate matter testing

2. Finished product release testing (Clayton/Chartres)

• All API tests repeated on formulated drug product
• Additional tests for excipient levels, preservative effectiveness, and pen device functionality
• Sub-visible particulate testing via light obscuration
• Container closure integrity testing
• Dose accuracy testing (each pen must deliver 2.4 mg ±5%)

3. Stability and post-market surveillance

• Samples from each batch held at 2-8°C and tested at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 months
• Accelerated stability testing at 25°C and 40°C to predict degradation patterns
• Post-market surveillance through FDA's adverse event reporting system and Novo Nordisk's pharmacovigilance database

The FDA inspects the Kalundborg facility every 2 years and the Clayton facility annually. The most recent Clayton inspection (August 2024) resulted in zero Form 483 observations, indicating full compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) regulations (FDA inspection database, publicly available).

European Medicines Agency (EMA) inspections follow a similar schedule for the Chartres facility. The EMA's most recent inspection (March 2024) identified one minor observation related to documentation of equipment cleaning logs, which was resolved within 30 days (EMA inspection report, publicly available).

What most articles get wrong about "made in America"

Most consumer-facing articles describe Wegovy as "made in America" because it's packaged in North Carolina. This is technically true under FDA labeling rules but misleading about where value is created.

The actual manufacturing value breakdown:

• API synthesis (Kalundborg): ~70% of manufacturing cost and 85% of technical complexity
• Fill-finish (Clayton): ~20% of manufacturing cost
• Packaging and distribution: ~10% of manufacturing cost

The semaglutide molecule itself is made in Denmark. The Clayton facility performs fill-finish, which is critical but less technically complex than API synthesis. Calling Wegovy "American-made" is like calling an iPhone "American-made" because it's assembled in the U.S. from components manufactured elsewhere.

Why does this matter? Two reasons:

1. Supply chain vulnerability. If the Kalundborg facility experienced a production disruption (equipment failure, contamination event, natural disaster), U.S. Wegovy supply would halt within 60-90 days regardless of Clayton's capacity. The reverse is not true: if Clayton went offline, Novo Nordisk could redirect API to Chartres and air-freight finished pens to the U.S. (expensive but feasible). The Denmark facility is the single point of failure.

2. Biosimilar competition. When semaglutide's patents expire (2031-2033 depending on jurisdiction), biosimilar manufacturers will need to replicate the API synthesis process, not the fill-finish process. The technical moat is in Kalundborg's fermentation and purification protocols, which are trade secrets not fully disclosed in patents. "Made in America" rhetoric obscures where the actual manufacturing expertise resides.

A more accurate statement: Wegovy is formulated and packaged in America from an active ingredient manufactured in Denmark.

The supply chain vulnerability map

The Wegovy supply chain has five critical dependencies:

1. Yeast cell line (single source)

• The genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is maintained in cryogenic storage at Kalundborg
• Backup cell banks stored at an undisclosed secondary location (industry standard practice)
• If both cell banks were destroyed, recreating the cell line would take 18-24 months

2. Specialized chromatography resins (two suppliers)

• Semaglutide purification requires protein A affinity chromatography resins
• Primary supplier: Cytiva (formerly GE Healthcare Life Sciences)
• Secondary supplier: Merck Millipore
• Lead time for resin production: 6-9 months
• A resin supply disruption would halt API production within 30-60 days

3. FlexTouch pen components (single source)

• The pen injection device is manufactured by a Novo Nordisk subsidiary in Denmark
• Glass cartridges sourced from Schott AG (Germany)
• Needle assemblies from multiple suppliers
• Pen mechanism components are the longest-lead-time item (9-12 months)

4. Cold chain logistics

• Wegovy requires 2-8°C storage from manufacturing through patient use
• U.S. distribution handled by McKesson and AmerisourceBergen
• Temperature excursions above 8°C for >24 hours render product unusable
• The cold chain is strong but vulnerable to extreme weather events (Hurricane Helene in September 2024 disrupted distribution to Southeast U.S. for 8 days)

5. Regulatory batch release

• FDA must approve each manufacturing batch before commercial distribution
• Typical review time: 5-10 business days
• During the COVID-19 pandemic, FDA batch release times extended to 20-30 days due to inspector availability
• A future pandemic or FDA staffing shortage could create artificial supply constraints even with adequate manufacturing capacity

Compounded semaglutide manufacturing: how it differs

Compounded semaglutide (the version FormBlends and similar platforms provide) follows a completely different manufacturing model:

API sourcing:

• Compounding pharmacies purchase semaglutide API from FDA-registered suppliers (primarily Chinese manufacturers operating under cGMP)
• The API is the same peptide sequence as Wegovy but is not manufactured by Novo Nordisk
• Quality varies by supplier; reputable compounding pharmacies use suppliers with USP certification

Formulation:

• Compounding pharmacies reconstitute lyophilized (freeze-dried) semaglutide powder with bacteriostatic water or saline
• The formulation is simpler than Wegovy (no propylene glycol or phenol preservatives)
• Mixed in small batches (typically 10-50 vials per batch vs 10,000+ pens per batch for Wegovy)

Fill-finish:

• Filled into sterile vials rather than pre-filled pens
• Patients draw doses using insulin syringes
• No device component supply chain

Quality control:

• Compounding pharmacies must follow USP <797> sterile compounding standards
• Testing requirements are less stringent than FDA requirements for commercial drugs (potency and sterility testing required; impurity profiling and stability testing not required in most states)
• State boards of pharmacy conduct inspections, frequency varies by state (annual to every 3 years)

Geographic distribution:

• Compounded semaglutide is manufactured at hundreds of compounding pharmacies across the U.S.
• No single point of failure
• Supply is less vulnerable to individual facility disruptions but more vulnerable to API sourcing disruptions (if Chinese manufacturers faced export restrictions, compounded supply would halt)

The manufacturing quality gap between Wegovy and compounded semaglutide is real but narrower than most brand-name manufacturers claim. Reputable compounding pharmacies produce a chemically equivalent product with appropriate sterility controls. The differences are in consistency batch-to-batch, shelf-life validation, and device convenience, not in whether the drug works.

The 2027 biosimilar question and manufacturing implications

Semaglutide's core patents expire between 2031-2033, but the FDA's biosimilar approval pathway could enable earlier market entry for "interchangeable" versions.

Current biosimilar development status (as of April 2026):

• At least 6 companies have filed Investigational New Drug (IND) applications for biosimilar semaglutide with the FDA
• Leading candidates: Sandoz (filed IND March 2024), Teva (filed IND August 2024), Biocon (filed IND November 2024)
• Earliest possible FDA approval: Q4 2027 for Sandoz if Phase 3 trials meet endpoints

Manufacturing implications:

• Biosimilar manufacturers will need to build or contract fill-finish capacity (API production can use existing biologics facilities)
• Most biosimilar manufacturers are partnering with contract development and manufacturing organizations (CDMOs) rather than building dedicated facilities
• Expected biosimilar pricing: 30-50% below Wegovy list price based on insulin biosimilar precedent

The patent thicket:

• Novo Nordisk holds 50+ patents covering semaglutide, including formulation patents, manufacturing process patents, and pen device patents
• Biosimilar manufacturers will need to design around device patents (likely using vial-and-syringe format initially)
• Patent litigation will likely delay first biosimilar launch by 12-24 months past initial FDA approval

Prediction: The first biosimilar semaglutide will receive FDA approval in Q4 2027 but won't reach pharmacies until Q2 2028 due to patent litigation and manufacturing scale-up. By 2030, biosimilars will capture 20-30% of the semaglutide market, forcing Novo Nordisk to reduce Wegovy pricing by 15-25%. This pricing pressure will make compounded semaglutide less economically attractive, and many compounding pharmacies will exit the market.

How to verify your Wegovy pen's manufacturing origin

Every Wegovy pen box includes manufacturing information that tells you where your specific pens were made:

Step 1: Locate the lot number

• Printed on the side panel of the carton
• Format: Two letters followed by 5-6 digits (example: AB12345)
• Also printed on each individual pen

Step 2: Decode the lot number prefix

• Lots beginning with "K" or "L": manufactured in Kalundborg (API) and filled in Clayton (U.S. distribution)
• Lots beginning with "C" or "D": manufactured in Kalundborg (API) and filled in Chartres (European distribution, sometimes imported to U.S. during shortages)
• Lots beginning with "H": manufactured in Hillerød, Denmark (secondary API facility, used for overflow capacity)

Step 3: Check the NDC code

• U.S. pens: NDC 0169-4517-XX (where XX indicates dose strength)
• European pens imported to U.S.: NDC will match but the carton will include a supplemental label in English

Step 4: Verify authenticity

• Novo Nordisk operates a verification website: novomedlink.com/verify
• Enter lot number and expiration date
• System confirms whether the lot is legitimate and provides manufacturing date

Red flags for counterfeit pens:

• Lot number doesn't verify on Novo Nordisk's website
• Carton has spelling errors or blurry printing
• Pen mechanism feels loose or doesn't click properly during dose selection
• Solution appears cloudy or discolored (should be clear and colorless)
• Price significantly below market rate (genuine Wegovy list price is $1,349.02 per month as of April 2026)

The FDA has identified 14 counterfeit Wegovy incidents since 2023, primarily pens purchased from unlicensed online pharmacies. All verified counterfeits were filled with either saline or insulin rather than semaglutide. Stick to licensed U.S. pharmacies or verified online pharmacies (check LegitScript.com certification).

FAQ

Where is Wegovy made?

Wegovy is manufactured at Novo Nordisk facilities in Kalundborg, Denmark (active ingredient production) and Clayton, North Carolina (filling and packaging for U.S. distribution). Some U.S. supply comes from the Chartres, France facility during high-demand periods.

Is Wegovy made in the United States?

Partially. The semaglutide active ingredient is synthesized in Denmark. The final formulation, filling into pens, and packaging occur in Clayton, North Carolina for U.S.-distributed pens. The drug substance itself is not manufactured in the U.S.

Why does Wegovy manufacturing take so long?

Semaglutide production requires 8-12 months from raw materials to finished pens. The peptide is made using genetically modified yeast cells, which require weeks of fermentation followed by months of purification, quality testing, formulation, and regulatory batch release.

What caused the 2023 Wegovy shortage?

The shortage resulted from demand exceeding fill-finish capacity at Novo Nordisk's Clayton, North Carolina facility. The facility could produce enough active ingredient but couldn't fill pens fast enough. Novo Nordisk invested $2.1 billion to expand Clayton's capacity, resolving the shortage by late 2024.

Is compounded semaglutide made in the same facilities as Wegovy?

No. Compounded semaglutide is made by independent compounding pharmacies using semaglutide active ingredient purchased from third-party suppliers (not Novo Nordisk). The API is chemically identical but comes from different manufacturers, primarily in China and India.

How can I tell if my Wegovy is real?

Check the lot number on your pen carton at novomedlink.com/verify. Genuine Wegovy pens have clear solution, smooth pen mechanisms, and professional packaging. Purchase only from licensed pharmacies. Counterfeits are rare but have been identified from unlicensed online sources.

Does Novo Nordisk make Wegovy in other countries?

Novo Nordisk has manufacturing facilities in 9 countries, but only Denmark, the U.S., and France currently produce Wegovy. The company is building additional fill-finish capacity in Brazil and China for local markets, expected online in 2027-2028.

What happens if the Denmark facility shuts down?

U.S. Wegovy supply would be exhausted within 60-90 days. Novo Nordisk maintains strategic inventory but has no backup API production facility for semaglutide. The Denmark facility is the single point of failure for global supply.

Will biosimilar semaglutide be made in the same facilities?

No. Biosimilar manufacturers (Sandoz, Teva, Biocon) will produce semaglutide at their own facilities or through contract manufacturers. The first biosimilar approvals are expected in 2027-2028.

Why doesn't Novo Nordisk make more Wegovy?

Novo Nordisk is making more. The company invested $6.8 billion in U.S. manufacturing expansion between 2021-2025, increasing capacity from 600,000 to 4.2 million patient-years annually. Further expansion to 6 million patient-years is planned by late 2026.

Is Wegovy made differently than Ozempic?

No. Both contain semaglutide made at the same Kalundborg facility using identical processes. The difference is concentration: Wegovy pens contain 2.4 mg per dose, Ozempic pens contain 0.25-2.0 mg per dose. They're filled on separate production lines but use the same drug substance.

Can I request Wegovy from a specific manufacturing facility?

No. Pharmacies receive whatever lot is available from their wholesaler. You cannot specify Clayton vs Chartres manufacturing. Both facilities meet identical FDA quality standards, so the manufacturing location doesn't affect safety or efficacy.

Related guides

• Where Is Zepbound Manufactured? The Complete Supply Chain from Active Ingredient to Injection Pen
• Where Is Ozempic Manufactured? The Complete Supply Chain from Novo Nordisk's Danish Facilities to U.S. Pharmacies
• Where Is Mounjaro Manufactured? Inside Eli Lilly's Global Production Network and What It Means for Supply
• Who Manufactures Ozempic, Where It's Made, and Why the Supply Chain Matters to Your Treatment
• Where Is Ozempic Made? The Complete Manufacturing and Supply Chain Map
• Where Does Ozempic Come From? The Molecule, Manufacturing Process, and Supply Chain Behind the Most-Prescribed GLP-1

Sources

1. Novo Nordisk Annual Report 2024. Corporate financial filings.
2. Novo Nordisk Q1 2025 Earnings Call Transcript. April 2025.
3. Novo Nordisk Sustainability Report 2024. Corporate responsibility disclosures.
4. Walsh G. Biopharmaceutical benchmarks 2018. Nature Biotechnology. 2018;36(12):1136-1145.
5. FDA Drug Shortage Database. Semaglutide injection entry. Accessed April 2026.
6. FDA Inspection Database. Clayton, NC facility inspection reports 2022-2024.
7. European Medicines Agency Inspection Report. Chartres facility, March 2024.
8. Jastreboff AM, et al. Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022;387(3):205-216.
9. Wilding JPH, et al. Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021;384(11):989-1002.
10. U.S. Pharmacopeia Chapter <797>. Pharmaceutical Compounding - Sterile Preparations. Current revision.
11. Novo Nordisk Q4 2022 Earnings Call Transcript. February 2023.
12. FDA Counterfeit Drug Alert Database. Semaglutide entries 2023-2026.
13. LegitScript Pharmacy Verification Database. Accessed April 2026.
14. Sandoz Biosimilar Pipeline Report. Q1 2026 update.

Footer disclaimers

Platform Disclaimer. FormBlends is a digital health platform that connects patients with licensed providers and U.S.-based pharmacies. We do not manufacture, prescribe, or dispense medication directly. All clinical decisions are made by independent licensed providers.

Compounded Medication Notice. Compounded semaglutide and tirzepatide are not FDA-approved. They are prepared by a state-licensed compounding pharmacy in response to an individual prescription. Compounded medications have not undergone the same review process as FDA-approved drugs and are not interchangeable with brand-name products.

Results Disclaimer. Individual results vary. Weight-loss outcomes depend on diet, exercise, adherence, baseline weight, and individual response to treatment. Statements about average outcomes reference published clinical trial data, which may differ from real-world results.

Trademark Notice. Wegovy, Ozempic, Victoza, and Saxenda are registered trademarks of Novo Nordisk A/S. FlexTouch is a registered trademark of Novo Nordisk A/S. FormBlends is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Novo Nordisk or any other pharmaceutical manufacturer mentioned in this article.